Är antroposofin världens bästa världsåskådning?
♦ ♦ ♦ Tänker på döden varje dag. Har gjort så i flera decennier. I ungdomen förträngde jag som alla andra att döden existerade, dödsskräcken var outhärdlig. Men med inträngandet i antroposofin blev döden del av en meningsfull helhet som faktiskt kändes intressant. Steiners utsagor är visserligen ofta kryptiska men de utgick alltid från en meningsfull tillvaro som i mina ögon var trovärdig. Det var det viktiga. Därmed blev döden ett fenomen angeläget att kunskapa i.
Samtidens många uttalanden om tillvarons meningslöshet kändes ytliga och oseriösa. Som om man inte såg tillvarons komplexitet i en märklig brist på ödmjukhet. Hur kunde man vara så säker på en så osäker teori? Ser man inte längre än sin egen nästipp? Varför tro på meningslöshet när meningsfullhet har större trovärdighet? Tillvaron är värd mer än de generande enkla förklaringar som i allmänhet råder. Det är en brist på respekt för det oerhörda i existensen.
Så kunde jag tänka. Och angående antroposofin har jag med åren haft tid att slipa av kanterna på en världsåskådning som – även om den på papperet säger sig vara tolerant mot andra världsåskådningar – i praktiken genom sina anhängare uppvisar klara sekteristiska drag och självtillräcklighet. Gemensamt för alla antroposofer är visserligen en önskan att tränga in i existensens fördolda aspekter, men bara en minoritet intresserar sig även för andra källor eftersom det är underförstått att antroposofins förklaringsmodell är världens bästa.
Visst är många i våra kretsar erkännsamma mot närstående rörelser som teosofi, Martinus, frimurarna, rosencreuzarna och att de respekterar en och annan klarseende människas utsagor, men alltid utifrån en djup misstänksamhet. Har h*n prövat sina upplevelser eller är h*n vilseförd? Är detta verkligen objektiva iakttagelser eller handlar det om ett atavistiskt (det vill säga ”gammaldags”) klarseende? Det är inte bra, för Steiner har sagt att det inte längre ligger i vår tids uppgifter att förlita sig på det. Här är fokus på de nya mysterierna.
Astrologi är också belastat inom antroposofiska kretsar för att vara för deterministiskt (förutbestämt). Att livet förklaras av födelseögonblickets stjärnkonstellation ger inte plats för att den mänskliga friheten kan förändra ett fastlagt öde. Trots denna steinerska skepsis kvarstår hos många antroposofer en betydande fascination för astrologin.
Men ett nytt fenomen uppträder i början på 70-talet, nära femtio år efter att Steiner avlidit, nämligen nära-döden-upplevelserna. De motsäger på intet sätt den antroposofiska världsåskådningen. Tvärtom. De för upp en existentiell problematik på dagordningen för en hel värld. Att miljontals har haft dessa upplevelser har gjort fenomenet till allmängods.
Och materialisternas bortförklaringar blir alltmer ansträngda. De lär inte få det lättare efter hjärnfysiologen Eben Alexanders sensationella uppvaknande från det som normalt skulle ha varit en säker död och hans redogörelse av sina NDU-upplevelser under en vecka i koma. Mängden av NDU i världen är oavvisliga och kommer med tiden att underminerar den vetenskapliga världsåskådningens hegemoni.
Men antroposofer verkar inte göra några större ansträngningar att kunskapa i fenomenet. Kanske man tycker att det talar för sig själv. Och som vanligt slår man dövörat till även för andra existentiella hot news som till exempel Robert Schwartz detaljerade beskrivning i boken Your Soul´s Plan (som vi skrivit om här) hur vi före födelsen planlägger vår inkarnation. Det är som om antroposofins integritet skulle hotas om man skulle intressera sig för sådana utsagor.
För antroposofin är ju världens bästa världsåskådning.
Men Schwartz bok är på inget sätt ett hot mot ett antroposofiskt synsätt i frågan, mer en fördjupning av det Steiner sagt i ämnet. En central passage i boken ger ett fundamentalt perspektiv på frågan varför vi inkarnerar.
»Föreställ dig en värld där det bara finns ljus. Om du aldrig upplevt mörker, hur kan du då förstå och uppskatta ljuset? Det är kontrasten mellan ljus och mörker som ger en rikare förståelse. Det fysiska livet ger oss denna kontrast i dualiteterna upp och ner, hett och kallt, gott och ont. Sorgen i dualiteten gör att vi bättre kan förstå glädje. Kaoset på jorden förbättrar vår uppskattning av fred. Det hat vi kanske möter fördjupar vår förståelse av kärlek. Om vi aldrig upplevt dessa aspekter av mänskligheten, hur skulle vi då kunna känna vår gudomlighet?«
Vårt liv kan på ett sätt jämföras med en roll en skådespelare gestaltar, menar Schwartz. Oavsett om rollen visar stor inlevelse i ondska, lidande och svekfullhet – när föreställningen är över, lämnar skådespelaren rollen och återtar sitt privata jag. På samma sätt lämnar vi det ibland dramatiska och kanske smärtfulla livet när vi dör och återgår till vår andliga tillvaro, berikad av de erfarenheter vi sökt – och planerat.
Dessa tankar borde vara av stor angelägenhet för antroposofer att samtala kring kan man tycka. Men den antroposofiska världsåskådningen är så bra att insikter utifrån inte intresserar. Man har fullt sjå med det steinerska arvet. Genom detta ointresse visar hans efterföljare att läran antroposofi är viktigare än ett mer generellt andligt framåtskridande.
För man hejar naturligtvis på sitt eget lag.
Johannes Ljungquist
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